A combined influenza and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine Coronavirus Disease COVID Efficacy Influenza MessengerRNA mRNA Vaccine Nature
By Suchandrima BhowmikAug 3 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. The coronavirus disease 19 pandemic, which was caused by the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 , has adversely impacted the health of people throughout the world. To date, over 584 million have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, of whom over 6.4 million have died.
Background The spread of other epidemic respiratory diseases during the cold season increases the risk of co-infections with two or more respiratory pathogens. Recently, messenger ribonucleic acid -based vaccines with a lipid nanoparticle delivery system have been used to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Several mRNA vaccine candidates against influenza and other respiratory diseases are currently under different developmental stages.
About the study The study involved the synthesis of mRNA that encoded the full-length HA of IAV and the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, followed by LNP formulation of the mRNA and transfection. Six- to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice were immunized with equal doses of ARIAV, AR-CoV/IAV, or placebo, which was followed by a booster dose 14 days later.
Total RNA was isolated from infected mice and quantified by the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay, followed by in situ hybridization assay. Flow cytometry was also carried out, followed by histopathological, cytokine, chemokine, and phylogenetic analyses. Histopathological analysis revealed pathological changes in the lung sections following IAV and SARS-CoV-2 infections in the placebo group. However, no pathological changes were observed in AR-CoV/IAV vaccinated mice following infection.
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