The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign's nuclear physics group is participating in the nEDM experiment at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, aiming to measure the neutron's electric dipole moment to constrain theories in particle physics. The researchers aim to construct sensors for the nEDM experi
Artist’s rendering illustrates the nitrogen-vacancy diamond sensor the Beck group will develop. The internal grid lines represent the path of laser light within the diamond—the incoming beam is repeatedly reflected within the diamond sensor until it encounters the cut corner where it emerges . Image by Yasmine Steele for Illinois Physics.
The nuclear physics group at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign is looking for evidence of new physics in neutrons, electrically neutral particles that hold atomic nuclei together with an interaction called the strong force. Faculty and researchers are participating in the nEDM experiment at Oak Ridge National Laboratory which will measure the neutron’s electric dipole moment, a property that allows neutrons to interact with electric fields despite their neutrality.
Beck explained that chemically added nitrogen vacancy, or NV, impurities give diamond unusual electric field sensitivity. “These impurities are regions with an extra nitrogenand a hole [or vacancy] where carbon atoms normally would be,” he said. “When the material is cooled to less than 20 degrees above, the impurities form a quantum system that responds to electric fields.
Beck’s group has demonstrated that this phenomenon enables NV diamond to measure strong electric fields, and the award will allow the researchers to develop reliable, robust sensors based on it. This will involve packaging sensors into units that readily connect with the lasers used to control them and minimize the effects of background noise.
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