The drug shrank tumors with surprising speed, but experts caution the study involved only 12 patients.
found a 100 percent success rate in 12 patients with rectal cancer treated with the immunotherapy drug dostarlimab. The patients’ tumors disappeared—and there were no severe side effects or signs of the cancer returning.of Americans over their lifetimes. Current treatments for rectal cancer can involve one or a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. These treatments have a risk of multiple side effects, however, that can lower a person’s quality of life.
The new study took a different approach from common therapies. The oncology team used an immunotherapy drug to boost a person’s immune system to help them get rid of cancer. The idea came from oncologist and study co-author Luis Diaz Jr., who found success using immunotherapy on people with colorectal cancer whose tumors had spread to other body parts.The 5-year survival rate for people with cancer in the rectum is around 90 percent, according to the.
All study participants were administered 500 milligrams of a drug called dostarlimab every 3 weeks for 6 months. The drug, known as a checkpoint inhibitor because it blocks proteins that turn off the immune response, allows immune cells to identify and attack cancer cells. While researchers expected most patients to require additional treatment with chemotherapy or radiation, they were surprised to find no trace of rectal tumors in all of the patients’ scans after a 6 month follow-up.
Two years later, none of the tumors reemerged, and the patients have had no need for chemoradiation or surgery.
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