In his new book, John Darlington, an archaeologist, questions the obsession with preserving the past. Change and loss are inevitable, he says
—the same processes, writes Mr Darlington, which “separated the United Kingdom from continental Europe during the last Ice Age”. In his telling, nature always wins. It is just a question of when.
, for example, because economic and political concerns seem to outweigh the risks. Port Royal was the main British settlement in the Caribbean, a foothold off the coasts of Spanish-controlled Central and South America. Now in eastern Turkey, Ani was the capital of medieval Armenia, straddling the Silk Road at a meeting point of empires.
Humans follow opportunities and natural resources. Humberstone, a mining town in the Atacama desert in Chile, was founded in the 19th century to feed the global market for nitrate in fertilisers and gunpowder. It was ruined by the invention in Germany of a commercial process to make ammonia out of atmospheric nitrogen. Chile’s market share fell from 80% in the 1890s to 15% by 1950.
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