Beethoven's cause of death revealed through DNA analysis of his hair DNA Hair LudwigvanBeethoven ancientDNA hepatitisB virus medical genetics genealogy genobiography Beethoven CurrentBiology
They limited their investigation to the three somatic diseases that dominate the medical biographical literature on Beethoven. These were predominantly sensorineural forms of hearing loss, chronic gastrointestinal problems, and liver disease.Background Beethoven wrote an unusual document in 1802 requesting that his favorite physician, Dr. Johann Adam Schmidt, describe his disease following his death and make it public.
Results Of the eight locks of hair analyzed, seven yielded enough DNA for interpretation. The authors found enough evidence rooted in ancestry and DNA damage patterns favoring that at least five of those eight hair strands, the Müller, Bermann, Halm-Thayer, Moscheles, and Stumpff Locks, originated from one male individual, who, in all likelihood, was Ludwig van Beethoven.
Recent studies have found that hair is a possible HBV DNA pool in individuals with chronic and acute HBV infections. In this study, screening through shotgun sequencing and the hybridization capture experiments suggested the occurrence of HBV DNA in multiple gene libraries constructed from the Stumpff Lock.
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