These early experience could help explain your dog's temperament, writes StanleyCoren
seeking and more separation related anxiety. As an interesting aside, the early stressed dogs also showed lower levels of trainability.The stress test was in a room with a blanket laid on the floor and a low stool in the middle for the dog's human partner to sit on during testing. A camera recorded the dog's and human's behaviors. The dog could either be accompanied by its owner, or by a researcher.
The stress imposed upon the dogs was the arrival of a"threatening stranger". This was a fairly mild stressor . The threatening stranger was a female researcher, who entered through the back of the room and scuffed her foot on the floor to get the dog's attention. She then looked directly into the dog's eyes and slowly walked toward the dog with her hands behind her back and a slightly bent upper body.
The dogs with difficult early life histories displayed several behaviors which indicated that they felt the need to use their owner as a safe haven during testing. Important clues were that they engaged in higher levels of physical contact, licking, touching or leaning against their owner.
Normally reared dogs also drew some support and stress reduction in their owner's presence. This showed up in a number of ways including the fact that they explored more freely when their owner was in the room.The investigators conclude that their results suggest that adverse rearing conditions early in life have a lasting effect on dogs. As adults these dogs are generally more fearful and stressed.
So perhaps we can now modify Wordsworth's nearly classic expression to read,"The puppy is the father to the dog", at least emotionally and behaviorally.Buttner, A. P., Awalt, S. L., & Strasser, R. . Early life adversity in dogs produces altered physiological and behavioral responses during a social stress-buffering paradigm. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1–15.
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