ETH Zurich and its partners have sent large amounts of data using lasers between the mountain peak, Jungfraujoch, and Bern.
But, there are expensive, labor, and time-consuming to deploy. Wireless telecommunications would be far simpler and cheaper. A fact that is the foundation of SpaceX's groundbreaking Starlink constellation. However, Starlink uses radio waves considerably weaker than electromagnetic waves like light or infrared. Optical systems that use laser technology operate in the near-infrared range with much shorter wavelengths, measuring only a few micrometers.
As the laser beam travels through the dense atmosphere closer to the ground, it encounters various factors that affect the movement of light waves and data transmission. These factors include turbulent air over high snow-covered mountains, the water surface of Lake Thun, the densely built-up Thun metropolitan area, and the Aare plane.
However, the team overcame this with a special chip and almost 100 tiny adjustable mirrors. According to Horst, the mirrors can correct the phase shift of the beam at its intersection surface by measuring the gradient 1,500 times per second. This results in an impressive improvement of the signals by a factor of around 500.“Our system represents a breakthrough.
It is worth noting that a remarkable performance of 1 terabit per second was attained using just one wavelength. As for its practical use, the system can be conveniently expanded to 40 channels by utilizing standard technologies, enabling it to achieve a whopping 40 terabits per second.
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