Experiments Show Infection of Visceral Fat Cells May Contribute to Severe COVID-19

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Experiments Show Infection of Visceral Fat Cells May Contribute to Severe COVID-19
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Two types of adipocytes (fat cells) were infected in the laboratory: one obtained from human stem cells isolated from subcutaneous tissue and the other differentiated from stem cells taken from visceral fatty tissue. Experiments show that visceral fat – fat around the liver, intestines, and other o

Cultured differentiated adipocytes: lipids are stained red; the protein ACE-2, which serves as the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is green; cell nuclei are blue. Credit: Amanda Passos & Flávio Protasio Veras

In order to arrive at this conclusion, Marcelo Mori, a professor at the Institute of Biology at UNICAMP and one of the study’s leaders, infected in the lab two different types of fat cells: one obtained from human stem cells isolated from subcutaneous tissue and the other differentiated from stem cells taken from visceral fatty tissue.SARS-CoV-2

The group then decided to investigate whether there were differences between the way visceral and subcutaneous adipose cells responded to infection. As far as metabolic diseases are concerned, the evidence in the scientific literature shows visceral fat to be the main villain, while subcutaneous fat tends to be neutral or even beneficial.

“Our hypothesis is that this represents an antiviral cellular response,” Mori said. “There are studies showing that inhibition of lipolysis lowers the replicative capacity of SARS-CoV-2, which can be explained by the fact that the virus needs lipids to produce its envelope, as well as energy from cells to make copies of its genetic material.” Reduced lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue, therefore, could be positive for the patient and bad news for the virus.

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