Give refugees dignity, wherever they are, says philosophy professor and author ParekhSerena
More than four million people have fled Ukraine since Vladimir Putin’s brutal invasion. Half the nation’s children are displaced. It is crucial to study states’ moral obligations around asylum and resettlement and to consider how these outcomes affect individual well-being, public health, economics and political stability. Yet in focusing on these end points too narrowly, researchers and policymakers can overlook another set of extremely important questions.
Most refugee camps are meant to be temporary. Consequently, when they become long-term structures, they often lack adequate food, health care, meaningful work or security . The Dadaab site in Kenya, for example, was built in 1991 to shelter 90,000 people fleeing civil war in Somalia, but housed half a million at its peak. Three decades on, generations have been born and raised there. In 2015, food rations were 30% less than the minimum recommended by the United Nations.
Some try to reach Europe, the United States or Australia to apply for asylum. These regions have brutal deterrence policies. More than 20,000 migrants have died crossing the Mediterranean from North Africa and Turkey to Italy, Spain and Greece since 2014. People escaping war in Syria and Afghanistan, including women and children, have been beaten back from Europe with water cannons, tear gas, guard dogs and razor-wire fences.
The most heartening development came less than two weeks after Russia invaded: the European Union activated the Temporary Protection Directive. This protocol gives Ukrainian refugees access to important social goods without the long process of applying for asylum. They receive the ability to live and move freely in the EU, and the rights to work, education and health care. The status is granted for one year, renewable for up to three.
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