When Chandrayaan-3 touched down, India pulled off a huge win for its own space programme and for international efforts to understand the Moon.
by the Indian Space Research Organisation is so special.
Touchdown occurred just after 6 p.m. Indian time on 23 August near the Moon’s south pole, making India only the fourth nation to achieve a controlled lunar landing. Furthermore, India is the first to land at high latitudes, around 600 kilometres from the pole. That’s significant because the polar regions are thought to contain ice that could be a resource for future lunar exploration, for instance as a source of the components of rocket fuel.
, when its software could not diagnose and correct a problem with its thrusters as the craft descended to the lunar surface. ISRO engineers added many back-up systems to Chandrayaan-3, and tested more rigorously how the spacecraft could respond if things went wrong. Dozens of missions to the Moon are planned in the coming years. The next attempt will come in the next few days, when Japan aims to send a spacecraft to test pinpoint landing techniques. It’s tempting to frame this flood of interest in the Moon as a new space race, with nations jockeying to be the first to reach particular milestones. But as space writer
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