The treaty provides legal tools to establish and manage marine protected areas -- sanctuaries to protect the ocean's biodiversity.
It also covers environmental assessments to evaluate the potential damage of commercial activities, such as deep sea mining, before they start and a pledge by signatories to share ocean resources.
These waters provide the habitat for a wealth of unique species and ecosystems, support global fisheries on which billions of people rely and are a crucial buffer against the climate crisis -- the ocean has absorbed more than 90% of the world's excess heat over the last decades. "Currently, there are no comprehensive regulations for the protections of marine life in this area," Liz Karan, oceans project director at the Pew Charitable Trusts, told CNN.
A successful treaty "will help us achieve the goal of conserving or protecting at least 30% of the global ocean by 2030," Monica Medina, the US Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, told CNN by email.Back in 2004, the UN set up an ad hoc group to discuss ocean protection.
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