The team measured the orbital eccentricity of over 150 planets that orbit M dwarf stars — about the size of Jupiter.
The team measured the "eccentricity" of over 150 planets that orbit M— stars about the size of Jupiter. Orbital eccentricity determines the shape of the planet’s orbit around its host star, for instance, whether the planet has an elliptical orbit or deviates from a perfect circle.
The researchers used data from the Kepler and Gaia telescopes. According to the study, Kepler assisted in determining how exoplanets move in front of their host stars, while Gaia measured the distance between stars in the galaxy.
As a result, there are only a small fraction of planets in this sample size that may lie in the Goldilocks zone. Despite this, one-third of the planets imply "hundreds of millions" of potentially promising liquid world candidates for searching for any life forms beyond our precious Earth. “I think this result is really important for the next decade of exoplanet research because eyes are shifting toward this population of stars. These stars are excellent targets to look for small planets in an orbit where it’s conceivable that water might be liquid and therefore the planet might be habitable,” concluded Sagear.
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