A new study has found that laser treatments of lithium-ion batteries improve the performance of the battery by 20%
The technique, called nanosecond pulsed laser annealing, lasts for only 100 nanoseconds and is generated by the same type of laser used in modern-day eye surgeries. Researchers tested the technique on graphite, a material widely used in lithium-ion battery anodes, the positive electrodes. They tested the technique in batches of 10 pulses and 80 pulses and compared the differences in current capacity; power is calculated by multiplying voltage by current.
Jay Narayan, the John C. Fan Family Distinguished Chair in Materials Science at NC State and corresponding author of a paper describing the work noted the study showed a number of interesting results. Narayan pioneered the use of lasers to create and manipulate defects in semiconductors in work spanning more than four decades.
Current capacity increased by 20% when the optimal number of pulses was used, which was closer to 10 than to 80 pulses. “Lithium ion has a positive charge, so if it captures an electron it becomes lithium metal, and you don’t want that,” Narayan said. “Lithium metal shoots out tiny wire dendrites from the graphite anode and can cause a fire. So you want to make sure that a lithium ion doesn’t become a metal.”
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