While the surface of Mars looks relatively unchanging now, it wasn’t always so. The tallest mountain in the Solar System is Olympus Mons, a giant shield volcano on Mars that reaches 21.9 km (13.6 miles) high, 2.5 times higher than Mount Everest here on Earth. Ancient lava flows surround the volcanic caldera, evidence of an … Continue reading 'Over 100 Million Years Ago, Olympus Mons Had a Massive Landslide'
that large amounts of lava once flowed down the volcano, triggering landslides that tumbled down its flanks to meet bedrock – in this case, bedrock containing ice and water.
The steaming hot lava caused the ice to melt and become unstable; as a result, the rocky rim of Olympus Mons broke off and partially slid away. This collapse came in the form of huge rockfalls and landslides, which slipped downwards and spread widely across the surrounding plains. As the landslides traveled across the landscape, they crumpled and pulled apart, created a wrinkly-looking surface.
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