Plant-based proteins are just as effective as animal-based options in maintaining muscle mass and strength in older adults, a new meta-analysis finds. The study shows that plant proteins can even aid in reducing fat mass, offering a sustainable and healthful option for combating age-related muscle decline.
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Sep 24 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A recent study published in the journal Nutrients describes the effects of plant-based protein interventions on physical function, body composition, and strengths in the older population, as well as whether exercise improved the efficacy of these interventions.
A higher protein intake and regular physical activity are common strategies adopted to prevent sarcopenia. However, the effectiveness of these strategies depends upon the types, doses, and timing of implementation. Aging is associated with impaired protein metabolism due to changes in the digestion process, chronic inflammation, hormonal alterations, reduced muscle protein synthesis, anabolic resistance, and insulin resistance. Several studies have indicated that components of plant proteins, such as isoflavones in soy, have an inflammatory effect, which could ultimately prevent the development of sarcopenia.
The review considered all randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of plant-based protein interventions with placebo treatment on body composition, strength, or physical function among adults 60 years of age and older. Non-English articles, animal studies, case-control studies, and non-RCT participants with cachexia or medical conditions that impacted metabolism were excluded from the analysis.
This observation implies that the outcome of plant protein interventions was comparable to control interventions. Although plant-based protein interventions exhibit positive effects in older adults, more studies are needed to validate this finding.
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