Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the primary site of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), which protects mammals from hypothermia. NST is significantly increased in response to cold exposure and dissipating energy to produce heat. To replenish intracellular energy stores, cold-activated BAT requires sharply increased uptake of glucose and fatty acids as fuel supplies to sustain high levels of mitochondria respiration.
As landmark papers have demonstrated that active BAT present in adult humans when exposed to cold, studies have been specifically designed to investigate the role of activated BAT.
Cold and fasting are the two fundamental challenges in mammals during evolution. They need to maintain a narrow and constant blood glucose range under these conditions, which requires a complex balance betweenand endogenous glucose production. In this study, the authors report that miR-378a-3p, contained in BAT-secreted extracellular vesicles target the liver to promote gluconeogenesis.
There are few studies on the role of BAT secretomes on hepatic gluconeogenesis. This study demonstrates that upon cold exposure, in addition to the classic adrenergic stimulation, RNAkine-mediated BAT-liver crosstalk also contributes to this physiological process to maintain whole-body glucose balance.
. These results further support that sequence motifs present in miRNAs could control their loading into EVs. The sequence motif which is present in miRNAs that tend to be localized in EVs, was also found in the mature sequence of miR-378a-3p., this study suggests that determining the pros and cons of identifying BAT as eliciting hepatic gluconeogenesis activation in the context obesity/diabetes would be of interest.
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