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A new global trial indicates that retatrutide, a drug mimicking three gut hormones, can significantly reduce body weight and improve blood sugar levels and inflammation in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, though it remains unapproved by regulatory agencies.
‘Godzilla’ of weight-loss drugs could provide other important health benefits Though not yet approved by any regulatory agency, retatrutide could help improve blood sugar levels and reduce inflammation The ‘Godzilla’ of weight-loss drugs could help improve blood sugar levels, reduce inflammation and cut a person’s body weight by a quarter, according to the largest study of its kind.
Retatrutide mimics three key gut hormones that help control appetite, blood sugar and metabolism: GLP-1, GIP and glucagon. Unlike other drugs such as Wegovy, which primarily targets the GLP-1 pathway to suppress appetite, or Mounjaro, which contains GLP-1 plus GIP to control blood sugar levels, retatrutide also engages the glucagon receptor, which helps increase energy expenditure. The drug has not yet been approved by any regulatory agency.
But the results of the global trial in people living with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggest it could help them shift enormous amounts of excess weight while also providing other important health benefits.
“Retatrutide demonstrated substantial reduction in body weight alongside glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors, with a safety profile generally similar to other molecules with GLP-1 receptor agonist activity,” the researchers said. The randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 2,047 adults in eight countries: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, India, Mexico, Romania, Spain and the US. Participants had a body mass index of 27 or above and type 2 diabetes. 48% were women and 52% were men. Their average age was 55.
In the 80-week phase 3 trial, 1,152 were randomly assigned to receive a weekly injection of placebo , or retatrutide 4 mg , 9 mg or 12 mg , alongside dietary counselling and guidance on physical activity. , those on 4mg of retatrutide lost 11.9% of their body weight on average, increasing to 16.8% with 9mg and 18.8% on 12mg. Those in the placebo group lost 5.1%.
Among those on the 12 mg dose, almost half shed at least 20% of their starting weight and almost a third lost at least 25%. That compared with 6% and 3%, respectively, with placebo.
Additionally, 72% achieved an HbA1c of 6.5% or lower, a standard threshold used to diagnose type 2 diabetes, compared with 29% in the placebo group. Retatrutide also significantly improved cardiometabolic risk factors, including blood pressure and lipid profiles, and reduced high-sensitivity C-reactive protein , a marker of inflammation,The most frequently reported adverse events were gastrointestinal.
Diarrhoea occurred in 27-34% of participants in the retatrutide groups, compared with 13% in the placebo group, and nausea occurred in 14-28% of participants on retatrutide, compared with 8% receiving the placebo. Seven deaths occurred during the trial: two in the retatrutide 4 mg group, three in the 9 mg group, one in the 12 mg group and one in the placebo group, and were deemed unrelated to the study intervention by the investigator.showed that in most cases, weight-loss drugs are not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women living with type 2 diabetes.
But researchers stressed that more research was urgently needed to address the large evidence gaps and to keep pace with the huge and accelerating rise in women of reproductive age using the drugs.
Retatrutide Weight Loss Type 2 Diabetes Obesity Clinical Trial
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