Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's occur when nerve cells of the brain or the peripheral nervous system begin losing function and eventually die. Find out more at
Now, Coya has developed a way to isolate a patient's dysfunctional Tregs and convert them into functional ones. What's more, these "repaired" cells can be frozen and used for future infusions as well. Interesting Engineering recently spoke to Dr. Howard Berman, the CEO of Coya Therapeutics, about this fascinating approach.Dr. Berman has a Bachelor's degree in Biology from the University of Michigan and a Masters and Ph.D.
Through a series of innovative experiments, Dr. Appel discovered that Tregs do not work properly in ALS patients. This dysfunction is one of the direct results of the runaway neuroinflammation that contributes to disease progression and patient decline. In fact, he found that the degree of Treg dysfunction in the patient’s blood correlates with the degree of the patient’s clinical status, disease progression, and patient’s survival.
Coya’s Treg cell therapy is outpatient with a 5-minute infusion allowing patients to go home within an hour or two. Ultimately, enhancing Treg function in these patients works to increase the ratio of anti-inflammatory cells relative to pro-inflammatory cells and dramatically reduces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. We believe that targeting Tregs represents the most potent approach to address the cause of the decline in many diseases, including ALS. And our clinical and biomarker data strongly suggest this.The Treg cell therapy works as follows.
Third, CAR-T therapy is toxic, with the risks of cytokine storm and neurotoxicity, requiring it to be administered [using] in-patient treatment in a hospital setting. Coya’s Treg cell therapy is outpatient, with a 5-minute infusion allowing patients to go home within an hour or two, and has proven remarkably safe in phase 1 and 2a studies to date.
Lastly, the Treg exosomes are being developed to administer in an allogeneic manner meaning we can use healthy donors to generate the exosomes for administration as an off-the-shelf product. Because they are not cells, they have a lower risk of immune reactions. Finally, the Treg exosomes are the most potent exosomes being developed to date in terms of suppressing inflammation.
The Phase 1 study included three patients who underwent a process called leukapheresis, a process in which a blood sample is taken from the patient, and the dysfunctional white blood cells are separated and converted and expanded into billions of ‘Super Tregs’ with a very high level of suppressing function, after which these Tregs are administered intravenously back into the patients.
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