Science Made Simple: What Are Neutrons? — Neutrons are subatomic par |
Neutrons, subatomic particles found in every atom except hydrogen, are used in scientific research for nondestructive analysis of materials through a method called neutron scattering. Discovered in 1932 and naturally present due to cosmic rays and Earth’s radioactivity, neutrons’ contributions have extended to diverse fields, including archaeology.
Researchers used neutrons to investigate how the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 uses its spike proteins to bind to the cell membrane and cause viral infection. Credit: Oak Ridge National Laboratory/Jill HemmanAll around us is a faint, natural “background” of free neutrons created by cosmic rays entering our atmosphere and by natural radioactivity from the Earth’s crust.
Scientists have used neutrons to examine archeological artifacts. For example, researchers used neutrons for forensic tests on President Zachary Taylor’s hair to prove he wasn’t poisoned when he died in 1850.Research supported by the Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences has contributed to breakthrough—even Nobel Prize-winning—discoveries and measurements involving neutron science.
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