Scientists identify a broadly neutralizing antibody against all dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants Antibody SARSCoV2 Coronavirus Disease COVID biorxivpreprint WeillCornell UWMadison scrippsresearch UChicago IcahnMountSinai seattlechildren
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaNov 2 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers in the United States identified a broadly neutralizing antibody that targets the receptor-binding site of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 . S728-1157 bnAb was derived from a SARS-CoV-2-positive individual infected before VOCs such as Omicron emerged.
About the study In the present study, researchers identified a potent SARS-CoV-2 S RBD-targeted bnAb from the peripheral blood of COVID-19 convalescents. To identify differences in antigenicity between the 2P and 6P S protein constructs, the corresponding immunogens were added to the RBD-targeted mAbs panel, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and biolayer interferometry analyses were performed. For evaluating the protective efficacy of the bnAbs, Syrian hamsters were treated with each mAb post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, and viral loads in their nasal and pulmonary tissues were determined.
In the plaque assay, the S728-1157 mAb showed potent neutralization of Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, and Omicron BA.4/5 . In the FRNT assays, S728-1157 neutralized Omicron BA.2.75, Omicron BL.1, and Omicron BA.4/5 with IC50 values ranging between 8000 pg/ml and 16000 pg/ml. S451-1140 showed potent neutralization of Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron BA.2.75, and Omicron BL.1, but not the BA.4/5 subvariant, whereas S626-161 could not neutralize any Omicron subvariant except BA.1.
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