Solar activity is currently increasing and with it comes more solar flares.
— the layer through which radio waves pass. The enhanced electron density causes radio waves to lose more energy as they travel through the layer, preventing them from reaching higher layers that refract the radio signals back down to Earth.
Such radio blackouts are the most common space weather event to affect Earth, with approximately 2,000 minor events happening each solar cycle. The severity of radio blackouts depends on the strength of solar flare and is ranked R1 to R5 on the NOAA Solar Radiation Storm Scale. One represents a minor event and five is an extreme event, according to the
. R5 events can lead to radio blackouts on the entire sunlit side of Earth and can last several hours. Luckily, for us, we experience on average less than one R5 per solar cycle. and can reach Earth from the sun in just over 8 minutes. As such, we don't have long to respond to such outbursts.Powerful flares can significantly affect spacecraft, satellites and ground-based technologies, and don't give us a whole lot of notice before striking.
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