Aromatic herbs and spices in the Mediterranean diet, especially black cumin, cinnamon, ginger, curcumin, and saffron, have been found to significantly improve glycemic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes.
By Dr. Sushama R. Chaphalkar, PhD.Mar 10 2024Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study published in the journal Nutrients, researchers from Spain investigated the influence of aromatic herbs and spices in the Mediterranean diet on the glycemic profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus . They found that black cumin, cinnamon, ginger, curcumin, and saffron significantly lowered fasting blood glucose levels.
Background T2DM is a critical healthcare concern, affecting 460 million people globally. Its prevalence has surged in the past four decades, contributing to three or more comorbidities in 60% of patients ten years after diagnosis and causing 6.7 million annual deaths. Various risk factors, including genetics, metabolism, and the environment, influence the disease.
About the study For the present systematic review and meta-analysis, databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus to identify peer-reviewed articles and interventional studies. Case studies, commentaries, letters, conference papers, narrative reviews, and studies not conducted in humans or those involving children were excluded. The systematic review included 77 studies, while the meta-analysis included 45 studies .
Results and discussion Cinnamon supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose in six out of eleven studies. The meta-analysis indicated a reduction of 18.67 mg/dL compared to placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant in considering predictive value. Curcumin supplementation in seven studies showed a significant reduction in fasting glucose compared to placebo, with a significant difference including predictive value.
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