What is the tolerability profile and rate of recurrent CDI after administrating microbiome therapeutic SER-109 post-antibiotic treatment? JAMANetworkOpen OUWB YaleMed UCalgary BrownMedicine microbiome antibiotic infection disease
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanFeb 15 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in JAMA Network Open, a team of researchers investigated the tolerability and safety of a microbiome therapy called SER-109 to treat recurrent infections of Clostridioides difficile in adults.
About the study In the present study, the team conducted an open-label, single-arm, phase-3 trial involving adults aged 18 or above with a recurrent C. difficile infection diagnosed through stool testing. The trial consisted of two cohorts, one comprising ECOSPOR III trial rollover patients who experienced a C.
The trial was conducted at 72 sites across the United States and Canada between October 2017 and April 2022, according to approved guidelines and protocols. The race and ethnicity data were collected from the patients to determine whether outcomes differed according to race and ethnicity. Descriptive statistics were reported for all endpoints. The C.
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Inflammation-associated gut microbiome in postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 points towards new therapeutic targetsWe read with interest the recent report by Liu et al 1 describing faecal microbiome differences with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), commonly referred to as ‘Long-COVID’. We have previously reported elevated levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells with PASC compared with resolved COVID-19 (RC; no lingering symptoms at the time of sample collection) that correlated with increased levels of the inflammatory marker IL-6, suggesting that elevated inflammation in PASC may be related to immune response to residual virus.2 Although several studies have reported gut microbiome differences during acute COVID-19,3 PASC has received less attention. We, thus, sought to characterise gut microbiome differences in PASC versus RC using faecal samples from our study2 and to relate these differences to inflammation. The faecal microbiome was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Plasma levels of inflammatory markers IL-6 and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured with ELISA (see online supplemental methods). Cohort information is in table 1. IL-6 and CRP were elevated with PASC (figure 1A). Gut microbiome composition did not significantly differ between the PASC and RC cohorts (PERMANOVA; p=0.087; figure 1B), but did correlate with IL-6 and CRP levels (Adonis; IL-6 p=0.03; CRP p=0.01). IL-6 and CRP also correlated with PC1 from a principal coordinates analysis (figure 1C,D), suggesting a relationship between microbiome composition and inflammation in PASC. Using SELBAL,4 which identifies ratios …
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Gut microbiome and stages of diabetes in middle-aged adults: CARDIA microbiome study - Nutrition & MetabolismBackground Animal and human studies suggest the gut microbiome is linked to diabetes but additional data are needed on the associations of the gut microbiome to specific diabetes characteristics. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of gut microbiome composition to insulin resistance [Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)], duration of diabetes, and 4 stages of diabetes [normoglycemia, pre-diabetes, and diabetes with (+) and without (−) medication for diabetes]. Methods Data are from a sub-sample (n = 605) of Black and White participants from the 30-year follow-up exam of the prospectively followed community-based Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults cohort (2015–2016; aged 48–60 years). Stool samples were collected and sequenced using the 16S ribosomal RNA method. Microbial measures included: α diversity (within-person), β diversity (between-person), and taxonomies. All analyses were adjusted for demographic, clinical, lifestyle factors, and use of relevant medications (full adjustment). Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the association of diabetes characteristics with α diversity and genera abundance, while the association with β diversity was analyzed using permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Statistical significance was set to p-value | 0.05 for α and β diversity analyses and to q-value | 0.1 for genera abundance analyses. Results There were 16.7% of participants with pre-diabetes, and 14.4% with diabetes (9% diabetes+) with median (interquartile range) diabetes duration of 5 (5–10) years. In the fully adjusted models, compared to those with no diabetes, longer diabetes duration and the diabetes + group had a lower α diversity. There were significant differences in β diversity across diabetes-related characteristics. A significantly reduced abundance of butyrate-producing genera was associated with higher HOMA-IR (ex., Anaerostipes and Lachnospiraceae_UCG.004), longer diabet
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