A review of vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus UIBuniversitat vaccine vaccination mRNAvaccine virus virology respiratorysyncytialvirus
By Nidhi Saha, BDSNov 3 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. Respiratory syncytial virus causes respiratory ailments like pneumonia and bronchiolitis, mainly affecting children under five and the elderly above 65.
This depicts the inadequacy of the immune system to confer long-term protection against the virus. Therefore, RSV vaccination is essential for pregnant women, children below two years of age , and the senior population. RSV has two subgroups, A and B, which circulate alternatively or together, differing antigenically by the glycoprotein G sequence. Hence, antibodies against glycoprotein G may be subtype-specific, whereas antibodies against glycoprotein F mostly have neutralizing activity against the two subgroups.
The infection caused by RSV is self-limiting – humans are the only natural reservoir. The target vaccination population is children below six months and older and the elderly above 65. The third target group is the senior population . Nearly 3-10% of all acute respiratory infections in this age group are caused by RSV, which amounts to nearly 250,000 hospitalizations and 14,000 deaths annually. Moreover, waning immunity and other underlying diseases predispose this population to respiratory infections.
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