An Editorial in BMCMedicine reports data underscoring the burden, and associated cost, of RSV in young infants in several low- and middle-income countries. It discusses how RSV maternal vaccines can be cost-effective.
]. Even in the absence of robust population-based denominators, systematically collected country-specific surveillance data can be used to highlight the importance of RSV among hospitalized children and help national policymakers to recognize the enormous healthcare system burden that RSV poses.
The investigators in Kenya and South Africa further assessed the direct and indirect costs of RSV illness incurred on the household and healthcare system in their respective geographies.
Based on the refined disease burden and cost of illness data in Kenya and South Africa, Koltai et al. have estimated the cost effectiveness of an RSV maternal vaccine and an RSV long-acting infant mAb in these countries (Koltai et al.
Australia Latest News, Australia Headlines
Similar News:You can also read news stories similar to this one that we have collected from other news sources.
Dua Lipa Debuts New Bangs – And A New Boyfriend – On The Cannes Red CarpetDue Lipa and the 41-year-old French director were first spotted together during Paris Fashion Week, with rumours that the two were an item swirling for months, but the pair declined to make their relationship official – until now.
Read more »
The role of community healthcare professionals in discussing sexual assault experiences during obstetrics and gynecological healthcare appointments - BMC Women's HealthBackground Nearly half of adult women in the US report experiencing sexual assault, with almost one-fifth reporting rape. For many sexual assault survivors, healthcare professionals are the first point of contact and disclosure. This study aimed to understand how healthcare professionals working in community settings perceived their role in discussing sexual violence experiences with women during obstetrical and gynecological healthcare appointments. The secondary purpose was to compare healthcare professionals’ perspectives with the patients’ to determine how sexual violence conversations should occur in these environments. Methods Data were collected in two phases. Phase 1 consisted of 6 focus groups (Sept-Dec, 2019) with women aged 18–45 (n = 22) living in Indiana who sought community-based or private healthcare for women’s reproductive healthcare needs. Phase 2 included 20 key-informant interviews with non-physician healthcare professionals (i.e., NP, RN, CNM, doula, pharmacist, chiropractor) living in Indiana (September 2019-May 2020) who provided community-based women’s reproductive healthcare. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analyses. HyperRESEARCH assisted in data management and organization. Results There were three resulting themes: (1) healthcare professionals’ approaches to screening for a history of sexual violence varied depending on how they ask, what setting they work in, and type of professional asking; (2) healthcare experiences can compound traumatic experiences and create distrust with survivors; and (3) sexual violence impacts patient healthcare experiences through what services they seek, how professionals may interact with them, and what professionals they are willing to utilize. Conclusions Findings offered insight into actionable and practical strategies for enhancing sexual violence screening and discussions in community-based women’s reproductive health settings. The findings offer
Read more »
Assessing the relationship between gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis - BMC GastroenterologyBackground Growing evidence has suggested that gut microbiota is closely related to the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but whether there is a causal effect remains unknown. We adopted a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate the potential causal relationships between gut microbiota and the risk of IBS. Methods Genetic instrumental variables for gut microbiota were identified from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 18,340 participants. Summary statistics of IBS were drawn from a GWAS including 53,400 cases and 433,201 controls. We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary analysis. To test the robustness of our results, we further performed the weighted-median method, MR-Egger regression, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test. Finally, reverse MR analysis was performed to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation. Results We identified suggestive associations between three bacterial traits and the risk of IBS (odds ratio (OR): 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.15; p = 0.011 for phylum Actinobacteria; OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.00; p = 0.030 for genus Eisenbergiella and OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.18; p = 0.005 for genus Flavonifractor). The results of sensitivity analyses for these bacterial traits were consistent. We did not find statistically significant associations between IBS and these three bacterial traits in the reverse MR analysis. Conclusions Our systematic analyses provide evidence to support a potential causal relationship between several gut microbiota taxa and the risk of IBS. More studies are required to show how the gut microbiota affects the development of IBS.
Read more »
Cheilitis in an atopic dermatitis patient associated with co-infection of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus aureus - BMC MicrobiologyBackground Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition distinguished by an activated Th2 immune response. The local skin microbial dysbiosis is a contributing factor to the development of AD. The pathogenic coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus is the primary species responsible for the progression of AD. Even though Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an animal-origin pathogen, it is increasingly becoming a source of concern in human diseases. As another coagulase-positive Staphylococci, it is crucial to pay more attention to S. pseudintermedius isolated from the lesion site. Results In our investigation, we presented a case of cheilitis in a patient with atopic dermatitis (AD). We utilized culture and next-generation genomic sequencing (NGS) to identify the bacteria present on the skin swabs taken from the lip sites both prior to and following treatment. Our findings indicated that the predominant bacteria colonizing the lesion site of AD were S. pseudintermedius and S. aureus, both of which were eradicated after treatment. The Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of S. pseudintermedius and S. aureus demonstrated coordinated antibiotic susceptibility, with ST2384 and ST22 being the respective types. Although the skin abscess area resulting from S. pseudintermedius infection was significantly smaller than that caused by S. aureus in mice, the expression of cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) were significantly higher in the S. pseudintermedius-infected mice. Conclusions The S. pseudintermedius strain isolated from the lesion site of the AD patient exhibited a higher expression of IL-4 and IL-5 when colonized on mouse skin, as compared to S. aureus. This observation confirms that S. pseudintermedius can effectively induce the Th2 response in vivo. Our findings suggest that animal-origin S. pseudintermedius may play a role in the development of AD when colonized on the skin, emphasizing the importance of taking preventive measures whe
Read more »
Associations between dietary patterns and an array of inflammation biomarkers and plasma lipid profile in postmenopausal women - BMC Women's HealthObjective and design In this cross-sectional study, evaluation of the association between four dietary patterns, nutrients and food intakes and an array of systemic inflammation biomarkers and lipid profile among 80 New Zealand postmenopausal women were conducted. Materials Eighty postmenopausal women participated in the study. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to collect nutrients and food intake. Four dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and plasma samples collected for inflammatory biomarkers and lipid profile measures. Results There were negative correlations between intake of dietary fibre, soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), vitamin C and niacin and with almost all the inflammatory markers for the whole group. Vegetables, tea/coffee and especially fruit intake were negatively correlated with the inflammatory biomarkers in the whole group. A high intake of Pattern 1 (potato, bread, and fruit pattern) was associated with a low risk of high interferon (IFN)-α2, IFN-λ, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels while a high intake of Pattern 3 (fast-food pattern) was associated high risk of IFN-α2 levels. Multiple linear regression showed a negative correlation between Pattern 2 (soups and vegetables pattern) and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as ferritin. A positive association was observed between Pattern 3 (fast-food pattern) and CRP levels. Positive correlation was also observed between Pattern 2 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol (TC) levels, Pattern 4 (meat and vegetables pattern) was however negatively correlated with TC, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions The result of this study reinforces the contribution and role of diet in modifying inflammation in postmenopausal women.
Read more »
Puiforcat presents new silver designs by Donald JuddPuiforcat presents a collection created by Donald Judd in 1989, featuring bowls, plates and cups in sterling silver
Read more »