Scientists discover from 4-billion-year-old ash that Mars' giant craters are really the remains of massive eruptions.
scientists. Each of the giant eruptions catapulted the equivalent of 400 million Olympic-size swimming pools of gas and molten rock toward the sky, creating a thick ash cloud thousands of miles long.
NASA says volcanic “super-eruptions” occurred on the surface of Mars 4 billion years ago, creating what astronomers always assumed were impact craters.Patrick Whelley, a geologist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, who led the Arabia Terra analysis, said:"Each one of these eruptions would have had a significant climate impact — maybe the released gas made the atmosphere thicker or blocked the sun and made the atmosphere colder.
"Seven calderas in Arabia Terra were the first giveaways that the region may once have hosted volcanoes capable of super-eruptions," NASA said in a statement. This image shows Arabia Terra, a region of Mars that experienced thousands of volcanic eruptions that sent water vapor, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide high into the planet's atmosphere.Using NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Whelley's team re-evaluated studies that suggested mineral deposits on the surface of Arabia Terra were the products of volcanic eruptions.
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